Key Concepts

The degree to which a product, a service device or environment is available to everyone, to the greatest extent possible, including (but not exclusively) people with physical, sensory or cognitive disabilities (Raffi 2017).

Technology that enables computers to simulate the processes behind human intelligence, such as reasoning, generalization and learning from past experience. As a consequence, the machine appears to be “intelligent” and able to perform complex tasks that have always required human intervention, such as decision making and problem solving (Britannica 2024).

Automated conversational agents, also known as dialogue systems, designed to engage with humans in meaningful interactions through the written and/or spoken channel (Hyangeun et al. 2022, Jiang 2022, Zhai and Wibowo 2023).

Set of machine learning processes that are used to teach computers how to process data in a way that is similar to the way in which the human brain acquires and stores information (Klimova 2023).

A universal human experience resulting from the interaction between individuals with a health condition and personal and environmental factors, including negative attitudes, inaccessible transportation and public buildings, and limited social support (WHO 2022).

Set of principles and practices aimed at providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as people with physical, sensory or intellectual disabilities (Krischler 2019).

Deep-learning algorithms that use massive amounts of parameters and training data to understand and predict text (Britannica 2024).

Systematic computerized collections of texts produced by language learners (Nesselhauf 2004: 127).

Crafting specific input text to guide Large Language Models towards generating desired responses and relevant outputs (OpenAI).

Also called sensory impairment, it is a disability that affects one or more of the senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste or spatial awareness) (CRPD 2006).

Often referred to as a learning disorder or learning disability, SLDs are neurodevelopmental disorders that are [...] characterized by a persistent impairment in at least one of three major areas: reading, written expression, and/or math. (APA 2024)